Imodoka y'amashanyarazi ishobora kugera he?

Imodoka zamashanyarazi zahinduye inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga, zitanga ubundi buryo burambye kuri moteri gakondo yo gutwika. Mugihe ikoranabuhanga ritera imbere, kimwe mubibazo byingutu kubakoresha no kubakora kimwe ni: Imashanyarazi ishobora kugera he? Gusobanukirwa nubushobozi bwimodoka zamashanyarazi (EV) ningirakamaro mugukemura ibibazo bijyanye nibikorwa kandi byoroshye.

Iyi ngingo irasesengura ibintu bigira uruhare runini rwimodoka zamashanyarazi, iterambere ryikoranabuhanga ritera imbere urwego, hamwe nigihe kizaza cyogukoresha amashanyarazi. Kugirango uhitemo neza imodoka zamashanyarazi, urashobora gushakisha itangwa ryabakora imodoka zamashanyarazi.

Ibintu bigira ingaruka kumashanyarazi

Impinduka nyinshi zigira ingaruka kuburyo imodoka yamashanyarazi ishobora kugenda kumurongo umwe. Izi ngingo zirafitanye isano kandi zirashobora guhindura cyane imikorere rusange nubushobozi bwikinyabiziga.

Ubushobozi bwa Bateri n'ikoranabuhanga

Umutima wimodoka yamashanyarazi ni bateri yayo. Ubushobozi bwa bateri, bupimye mumasaha ya kilowatt (kilowat), bufitanye isano itaziguye. Iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga rya batiri, nka lithium-ion hamwe na bateri igaragara cyane, byatumye ingufu ziyongera, bituma habaho intera ndende. Kurugero, amamodoka amwe mumashanyarazi meza mumiryango ubu yirata arenga ibirometero 300 kumurongo umwe.

Ingeso yo gutwara

Imyitwarire yo gutwara ibinyabiziga igira ingaruka zikomeye kumodoka. Kwihuta gukabije, umuvuduko mwinshi, hamwe no guhagarara kenshi-kugenda-kugenda bishobora kugabanya bateri vuba. Byongeye kandi, imiterere yo hanze nkimisozi miremire cyangwa imitwe ikomeye bisaba gukoresha ingufu nyinshi. Nibyingenzi kubashoferi gukoresha uburyo bwiza bwo gutwara kugirango bongere ubushobozi bwimodoka yabo.

Ibidukikije

Ubushyuhe bugira uruhare runini mu mikorere ya bateri. Ubukonje bukabije burashobora kugabanya imikorere ya bateri, kugabanya intera. Ibinyuranye, ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane burashobora no guhindura ubuzima bwa bateri n'imikorere. Imodoka zamashanyarazi zigezweho akenshi zirimo sisitemu yo gucunga ubushyuhe kugirango igabanye izo ngaruka, ariko ntabwo zavaho burundu.

Uburemere bwibinyabiziga hamwe nindege

Uburemere bwimodoka yamashanyarazi, harimo abagenzi nimizigo, bigira ingaruka kumikoreshereze yingufu. Imodoka ziremereye zisaba imbaraga nyinshi zo kugenda, kugabanya intera. Igishushanyo cya aerodynamic ningirakamaro kimwe; imodoka zifite ibintu bigabanya kurwanya ikirere zirashobora kugenda kure yingufu zingana.

Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga Kuzamura Urwego

Guhanga udushya biri ku isonga mu kwagura imodoka zamashanyarazi. Abakora n'abashakashatsi bakomeje gushakisha ikoranabuhanga rishya kugirango batsinde aho bigarukira.

Ubuhanga bwa Bateriyeri

Iterambere muri chimie ya batiri, nkiterambere rya lithium-sulfure na bateri zikomeye, zisezeranya ingufu nyinshi hamwe nigihe kirekire. Izi tekinoroji zigamije kubika ingufu nyinshi mumwanya umwe, byongera byimazeyo ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi.

Sisitemu yo gufata feri

Feri ishya ifata ingufu za kinetic ubusanzwe zabuze mugihe cyo gufata feri ikayihindura ingufu zamashanyarazi, ikongerera bateri. Iyi nzira izamura imikorere kandi irashobora kwagura cyane urwego rwo gutwara, cyane cyane mubidukikije mumijyi hamwe no guhagarara kenshi.

Ikoranabuhanga ryihuta

Amashanyarazi yihuta arashobora kuzuza bateri yimodoka yamashanyarazi kugeza 80% muminota 30. Ubu bushobozi bwihuse bwo kwishyuza butuma bifatika gukora urugendo rurerure hamwe nigihe gito.

Sisitemu yo gushyushya

Imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi zikoresha ingufu muri bateri. Mu bihe bikonje, gushyushya birashobora kugabanya cyane intera. Ababikora batezimbere uburyo bwiza bwo kuvoma pompe kugirango bagabanye ingaruka.

Ikirere

Muri ubwo buryo, sisitemu yo guhumeka (A / C) igira ingaruka kumikoreshereze yingufu. Udushya nka eco-mode no kubanza gutondekanya kabine mugihe imodoka ikomeje gucomeka mumashanyarazi bifasha kugabanya gukoresha ingufu mugihe cyurugendo.

Guhindura Bateri

Ikindi gitekerezo ni uguhinduranya bateri, aho bateri zashize zisimbuzwa izuzuye zuzuye muminota. Ubu buryo bukemura igihe kirekire cyo kwishyuza kandi bugura intera ifatika y'urugendo rurerure.

Intera imodoka yamashanyarazi ishobora kugenda kumurongo umwe iragenda yiyongera kubera iterambere ryikoranabuhanga, ibikorwa remezo, no gushushanya. Mugihe ibibazo bikiriho, cyane cyane kubijyanye no gukoresha bateri no kwishyuza, iterambere ryakozwe kugeza ubu rirakomeye. Mugihe tugenda tugana ahazaza heza, gusobanukirwa no kunoza urwego rwimodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi bikomeje kwibandwaho cyane kubakora n'abaguzi. Gutohoza amahitamo nkimodoka nziza zamashanyarazi kumiryango zirashobora gutanga ibisubizo bifatika kuburugendo rwa buri munsi ningendo ndende.